Innovation and Historical Continuity in Great Power Competition

Unipolarity, StatUS Competition, and Great power war

Historical Interruption and Continuity Attitude in Recent Changes in Architecture of Historical Iranian Fabrics

Review and continuation of the physical evidence can be pursued over a long period in Iranian architecture; however, the architecture of modernity occurred in  persistence of Iranian architecture. The past architecture and discontinuity can be the factors deemed to avoid identity. Facing tradition against contemporary ideas is now a challenge in many primeval countries. Lack of intimacy and com...

Competition and Innovation

Which kind of intellectual property regime is more favorable to innovation: one that enforces patents or one that does not? Economic theory is unable to answer this question, as valid arguments can be made both for and against patents; hence we must turn to empirical evidence. In this paper, we review empirical evidence gathered by other researchers and add new evidence of our own. We conclude ...

Competition and Innovation

The Department of Justice and the Federal Trade Commission have frequently raised innovation concerns as reasons to challenge mergers. This chapter surveys the economic theories of innovation incentives and considers how the theory may inform antitrust analysis for merger investigations and other conduct that involve innovation. Competition can promote innovation by reducing the value of failin...

Competition and Innovation

As finding breakthrough small-molecule drugs becomes more difficult, drug companies are increasingly turning to "large molecule" biologics. Although biologics represent many of the most promising new therapies for previously intractable diseases, they are extremely expensive. Moreover, the pathway for generic-type competition set up by Congress in 20 1o is unlikely to yield significant cost sav...